A constitutional crisis in 1860s Prussia could teach Americans the importance of public participation in democracy.

The German question has lately taken a new and interesting phase. The leading Powers of Germany -- Austria and Prussia -- finding that the popular current is sweeping beyond them, have determined ...

Frederick II accedes to the throne of Prussia after the death of his father. A few months later, he invades Silesia and starts an eight-year war with Austria. In the late 1740s Frederick began ...

The role of personality and charm in running a state is one theme of Richard Bassett’s superb book, the first English ...

After Napoleon's lost most of his army in Russia, Britain, Russia, Prussia, and Sweden united against him. Only Austria, ruled by his new wife's father, wavered. But they wouldn't remain neutral ...

While Austria's political relevance began to be eclipsed by the rising power of Prussia and a unified Germany, it remained one of the great powers. This ended with defeat and collapse in the First ...

Agreements with Prussia and Austria led to three partitions of Poland, in 1772, 1793, and 1795, extending Russia's borders well into central Europe. Catherine began as a political and social ...

But they repeatedly reversed these decisions. Apart from Austria, Prussia was the strongest German state. It was the only state that showed any real ability to unite Germany. It was clear that ...